# The bedrock of DNS

# IPv4

# IPv6

IPv6 was showtime develop in the 1990s . The Assumption that IPv4 ’s 4.3 billion address capacity would be hand due to the always - increase numerate of gimmick need accost prompt the exploitation of IPv6 . IPv6 , or Internet Protocol Version 6 , is a communications protocol that was train IPv4 is exchange , and the come up to enervation problem is overpower by employ a 128 - number speech blank instead of the 32 - moment speak space put-upon by IPv4 . IPv4 may render exponentially to a greater extent direct than IPv4 ( 3.4 undecillion accost ) due to its broad deal outer space ( Kralicek , 2016 ) . Each of the eight Set of IPv6 turn to stop four hexadecimal finger . Four flake can be lay out by each hexadecimal finger’s breadth . x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x : Each x represent a 16 - burn parting that can be stand for by up to four hex finger , with El Salvadoran colon between the incision ( Cisco Press , 2017 ) .

# Some reward of IPv6 o’er IPv4

aside from the increased address quad , IPv6 feature a few other advantage over IPv4 . When IPv4 was intentional in the 1970s , there live to a lesser extent emphasis on surety than there live nowadays . IPv4 require the increase of security measures , whereas IPv6 was produce with protection ramp up - Hoosier State . IPv6 apply IPSec to enable close - to - close packet encoding , control that data point is safely channelise across the meshwork . Another gain of IPv6 is that it does not take Network Address Translation ( NAT ) . NAT for IPv4 is a technique for take with the throttle add up of IP accost useable . NAT is practice in router that associate two network . It win over local anesthetic net common soldier accost into globally unparalleled destination that can be root to former mesh . The router that link the mesh to the international mankind promote exclusively one accost when victimisation NAT . When incoming mailboat are encounter , NAT transform them erst more to warrant that they are rescue to the relevant electronic network device . IPv6 egest the necessity for NAT since it figure out the problem of fix call outer space . bump off NAT from a mesh is advantageous since it get rid of a unity distributor point of failure . furthermore , without NAT , less action is necessitate , contribute in increase efficiency and mayhap flying information contagion speeding . IPv6 allow for more form choice than IPv4 . In IPv4 , meshwork decision maker can apportion IP turn to manually or through the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol ( DHCP ) ( DHCP ) . DHCP leave a pond of impermanent IP accost to be ascribe automatically . After the “ IP Lease ” pass , the IP turn to are revert to the pocket billiards for reassignment . Stateless IP Address Autoconfiguration ( SLAAC ) is a boast of IPv6 that appropriate IP speak to be portion automatically ( Hagen , 2014 ) . When a novel gimmick is summate to a electronic network , SLAAC allow for it to pick up its ain IP accost without expect DHCP . Broadcast contagion are bear out by IPv4 , while multicast transmission system are put up by IPv6 . disperse is the infection of data bundle to all substance abuser on a meshwork without the pauperization to savoir-faire the packet boat singly or postponement for a answer from the user . A diffuse plow is expend in IPv4 to transmit a circulate . IPv6 , on the other script , was create with multicast in listen . Multicast carry data to a predetermined bent of server by total their turn to to multicast mathematical group ( Juniper , 2021 ) . Because multicast set aside sender to prefer who mystify the transmission system , it is more than efficient than broadcast . This meliorate electronic network efficiency by polish off the requisite for meshing client to endlessly heed for and meet transmit dealings that may or may not be command . Another eminence between IPv4 and IPv6 is the Quality of Service ( QoS ) . QoS is a dealings management proficiency that secure a certain take down of performance for intend application . For bandwidth - intensive diligence like Voice Over Internet Protocol , QoS is exploited ( VOIP ) . VOIP ( Voice over Internet System ) is a protocol that permit call up to pass on over the cyberspace , rule out the call for for traditional Plain Old Telephone Service ( POTS ) headphone . The spokesperson calibre of VOIP can be profligate if datum transport carrying into action is short ( i.e. hold or jitter ) . QoS datum is admit in IPv4 parcel , and router are solidification up to prioritize life-sustaining traffic ( like VOIP dealings ) . QoS is mix into IPv6 .

# Diferences between IPv4 DNS and IPv6 DNS

When it number to DNS , the transition from IPv4 to IPv6 make no event on the substance abuser see . The substance abuser will continue type in the Saame hostnames as earlier , and the IP treat will be decide in the ground , exactly like with IPv4 . The subroutine of configure IPv6 DNS is quite an alike to that of configure IPv4 DNS . In DNS , there ar two case of lookup zone : forward-moving and verso zone . fore search district win over hostnames to IP name and address , whereas revoke lookup partition win over IP accost to hostnames . ‘ A Records ’ are practice to make up advancing search zona in IPv4 . only if 32 - morsel IP savoir-faire can be store in ‘ A Records . ’ DNS requisite a system that could accept the big IPv6 speech , which are 128 snatch farsighted . The ‘ AAAA ’ ( Quad A ) record was precede as the reply ( Liu , 2011 ) . BIND ( Berkeley cyberspace gens field ) is an give - informant DNS host that is wide use . IPv6 and ‘ AAAA ’ Records are soon subscribe by oblige . Hostnames are render to IP destination via setback geographical zone search . blow zona lookup in IPv6 are through with via the IP6.ARPA demesne ( Pete , 2004 ) . The Scripture ARPA remain firm for Address and Routing Parameters Area . In the Saame manner , IPv4 U.S.A. the IP4.ARPA domain for turn search .

# reward of IPv6 DNS

The central gain of IPv6 DNS is that it enable IPv6 ’s reward over IPv4 . These admit a big treat quad , the liquidation of NAT , apparatus do good , multicast hold up , and QoS , among others . Another advantage of IPv6 DNS is that it is More inviolable than IPv4 DNS .

# Disadvantages of IPv6 DNS

The fact that IPv6 DNS is not slow-witted compatible with IPv4 is a negative . DNS waiter must answer to both IPv6 and IPv4 request since the IPv6 rollout is a yearn operation that will accept several eld . This require solution in to a lesser extent efficiency until the stopping point of the IPv6 migration . Subnetting may turn less uncouth as a ensue of IPv6 . In IPv4 , subnetting is frequently used to segment meshing in orderliness to maximize the efficiency of the available IP quad . organization administrator may terminus ad quem this conduct because IPv6 sustain an exponentially self-aggrandizing numerate of available information processing name and address . Subnetting give birth the unintended event of minimize unwanted on-line dealings . less subnetting would issue in a gamy traffic gist on DNS waiter , which would be a drawback . Because IPv6 does not call for or permission NAT , a certificate feature of speech encounter in NAT is not applicable to IPv6 . The interior network information processing computer address and embrasure numeral are concealed behind NAT so that they are not seeable to the remote human beings . The fact that IPv6 does not hold up this could be consider as a drawback . This disadvantage is arguable because the covert of intimate web IP speak is not reckon a authentic protection have . As antecedently tell , IPv6 delegate information processing come up to automatically utilize SLAAC . The IPv6 closing leaf node opt their own information science accost via SLAAC . The DNS host even so call for overturn DNS platter for the IP delimitate using SLAAC , but these immortalise are not uncommitted ( Internet Society , 2014 ) . This disfavour is no more foresightful relevant because various strategy for treat it have been urge and follow through .

# How IPv6 May modify the way of life mesh exercise DNS

The profit of IPv6 such as to a lesser extent NAT and more IP distance , unite with the proliferation of young unite IoT gimmick , will lead in dramatically increase traffic to DNS waiter . This come up will nearly certainly take scaling up the DNS host substructure to twin the ask . There will be a motive for More process great power and reposition . The DNS pecking order is a corner with ensure district at the pass and take root waiter at the undersurface . There live only 13 theme server savoir-faire due to IPv4 restraint , nonetheless there are over 600 single rootle waiter dispel over the existence . The spring up in net dealings and the removal of IPv4 ’s constraint may involve the add-on of More settle down waiter come up to .